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The Kashmir Imbroglio :

Heaven & Hell : 
The Land's crown occupied with snowy peaks of Himalayas, the perennial rivers embellishing the richness of the soil, the lushy grasslands and the valleys with hamlet settlements, far from pollution and urban concrete's lies the Kashmir which not less than an "Heaven on Earth" is wishlist on every individual dream. On the other side of the coin the Kashmir has seen brutal wars on her land from the ancient period with an indoor to India's prosperity and her own people being influenced and killing their army causing bloodshed, brutally injured citizen is not less than "Hell on Earth". The Question here to ask is How such a beautiful valley has become a "Hell in Heaven" ? Why is the problem so elusive that many leader's couldn't solve the challenges pertaining to it ? Was it ever since dawn of History ? What can we do in tackling these challenges ?

Time Travel Through History of Kashmir :
Time Travelling through history attested through the buddhist and other literary resources extends the "Ashokan empire" upto Jammu and Kashmir. It has been a geostrategic location since ancient times for trade and a gate to explore the prosperous India. In 14th century it was annexed by "Muslim Ruler Shah Mir" who laid down the foundation of muslim dynasty in J&K. Later it under Mughals it was also ruled by "Akbar The Great". Later with weakening of Later Mughals and gaining dominance of Sikh Rulers it was annexed by "Maharaja Ranjit SIngh". In 1846 it came under British Government and was given to "Maharaja Gulab Singh" with an special agreement in lieu of half a million dollar. At the time of Independence the "Maharaja Ranjit Singh" decided not to join either nation and remain independent. But desperate Pakistan attacked J&K by invoking the tribesman along with its military support which turned in favour of India, J&K acceding to India in lieu of sending military support to tackle them back. Ever since J&K has been an integral part of India with 30% of it occupied by Pakistan claiming the whole belong to them.

Dimensional View of The Issue :
Elusive nature of the issue can be understood by dividing it into two dimensions - Internal and External. Internal deals with the socio-political scenario of kashmiri and external is concerned more with the non state actors responsible. Understanding both the dimensions are very crucial to get a whole of kashmir Issue and deploying strategy for the way forward.
External Dimension : Post Independence the British left the princely states a choice to either join India or Pakistan or stay independent. Sardar VallaBhai Patel with his swiftness and innate diplomatic qualities was able to integrate many princely states into India. But the Bone of contention were Hyderabad, Jammu & Kashmir and Junagadh. As mentioned before Pakistan attacked and occupied 30% of the region which is called "Pakistan occupied Kashmir". Jawaharlal Nehru took the issue to the UN where it was decided that both the forces will withdraw from the region and an plebiscite will be held which will decide the fate of kashmir. But never were the force's withdrawn and plebiscite done drawing a stalemate to the process. Experts argue that Pakistan never want the Kashmir issue to be solved. In her book Fighting to the End: the Pakistan Army’s Way of War, Christine Fair says that "Pakistan’s conflict with India cannot be reduced simply to resolving the Kashmir dispute. Its problems with India are much more capacious than the territorial conflict over Kashmir". The power center in Pakistan fill the void of Nationalism with kashmir issue and veil control over the nation. India has endeavoured to maintain cordial relationship attested as Shimla Agreement (1972), Trade Agreements, Transportation Connectivity - Samjhota Express etc but has not yield sufficient response from the other side, in lieu more attacks and ceasefire violations. Kashmir has also a geo-strategic role to play when China's proposed CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor) passes through it violating the sovereignty & territorial integrity of India. Post 1980 when U.S step its foot in Afghanistan to counter Soviet Union with the aid of pakistan it had got an edge to infiltrate India through its trained terrorists which led to the capture of kargil by Mujahedeen and launch of Mission "Fateh" which was one of the most difficult mission for any army in world to fight. 
Internal Dimension : The National Conference (NC) Post 1947 was against the "Two Nation Theory" proposed by Jinnah. But Later Sheikh Abdullah changed his stance favoring a plebiscite rationale behind it was growing right wing by BJP post Nehru. The Arrest of Sheik Abdullah was the first influence of Centre into State politics. Later on Gulam the them Prime Minister of J&K has done many development works but leaves with a tag of "Delhi Controlled".  After 1987 so called "rigged elections" the turning point came to Kashmir issue where Internal and External Dimension got amalgamated into a hotpotch. Since the all the factors are influencing each other making the Kashmir issue much elusive to solve.

Seeing the light at the end of the Tunnel : India's effort in solving the External Dimension has forsaken at the cost on Internal Dimension. Today in the Changing Global Dynamics Pakistan have less limited influence over kashmir that is possible only through ground support by local kashmiri. Taking the Local Kashmiri into confidence and bringing kashmir to India's map for development would decouple the pakistan factor from Kashmir repositioning it to "Heaven on Earth".
   
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